Editorial: Vestibular Contributions to Health and Disease
نویسندگان
چکیده
The inter-related functions of several systems that evolved hundreds of millions of years ago, the vestibular, sympathetic, and cardiovascular systems, have important clinical implications in modern neurology and neuro-otology. Operating largely out of consciousness, the vestibular system responds to head and body movement in any direction, stabilizes the head and body with regard to gravity in three-dimensional space, and maintains vital bodily functions through an interaction of vestibular-related components of the brainstem and cerebellum with the cardiovascular and sympathetic systems. We conceived this volume as an opportunity to highlight some of the basic science and clinical findings that have arisen over the first years of the twenty-first century with regard to these systems. Our concept was to have several broad topics: 1. fundamental vestibular, brainstem, and cerebellar science; 2. new approaches to vestibular diagnosis, pathology, and treatment; and 3. investigations of the vestibular impact on the cardiovascular and sympathetic systems. Topics include the function of the otolith organs, evaluation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in pathologic conditions, and the vestibular input to sympathetic functions such as the vestibulo-sympathetic reflex (VSR). Motion sickness, a vestibulo-sympathetic interaction, is considered both historically and in terms of its typical clinical presentation. Also included are summaries of a little known receptor system, the skin sympathetic nerve activity (SSNA), which forms an important part of the sympathetic “fight or flight” response, and a new hypothesis about the neural basis for the Mal de Debarquement syndrome (MdDS).
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